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Where did the name Zonsius come from? I don't exactly know but I found out that there is a little medieval town in Germany called Zons with a few hundred inhabitants. It is located in the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen near the Rhein river not far away from Cologne and it is a castle-town with a large wall around it and large town gates. Zons received city rights in 1373, but the village used seals at least 40 years before. The oldest seals show St. Martin, the patron saint of the city, with the cross of the bishops of Köln, who ruled the area. The arms as such thus never changed through the centuries, but sometimes the saint was shown mirrorwise and the position of the cross and the bettler have changed regularly during the years. The town should have been very rich in the Middle Ages because they stopped the ships pulled upstream with horses. These ships had to accord custom duties. The city wall is so strong that the town has never been captured. It isn't known for sure but in the Middle Ages a man from Zons may have added the Latin suffix "ius" to the name Zons and called himself Zonsius. Maybe he was a doctor or a priest. Anyway, he should have been able to speak Latin. In 1975 the town of Zons was incorporated into the town of Dormagen.
Translated from German
The former kurkoelnische inch celebrations Zons belongs to the besterhaltenen latemedieval city systems of the Rhine country.
The barrier before the west wall offers the most impressive view on the out alternating positions to tower with the wooden gallery, established by powerful basalt right parallelepipeds and field fire stones, approximately rotating in half height.
Both the enormous mauerstaerke and the only shoot-like trained observation slits to the city-turned away page obviously show that the tower was merged into the defense concept of the city system.
Initially the mill will have possessed a rigid wing ring, which could not be variable placed into the wind. Conical approaching upper section of the mill shows up already outwardly as a later modification. An important indication on the point in time gives to today year received on the kammrad 1694. It marks the transformation with high probability to the dutchman mill, whose large improvement consisted of the fact that the wings were attached at the swivelling cap and permitted so an optimal utilization of wind.
Four very differently arranged ecktuerme limit the militaryful rectangular stadtmauer of approximately 1100 meters of total length. At the intersection the south flank of pre-aged kennel and the west wall the cylindrical mill tower rises over here still the ditch deep over five meters.
The exact year of construction of the mill is unknown. It speaks however some for the fact that it was already established with the building of the entire plant of the city (between approximately 1373 and 1408). The Zonser city mill is thus the oldest, received windmill in the set area and simultaneous one of the oldest entire Rhine country.
Owner of the mill was the city gentleman. That was since that 15. Century actually Cologne cathedral sections, which had possessed the city Zons with all incomes of the archbishops as pledge.
Like all mills at present the old German Reich was also the Zonser mill a so-called spell mill, i.e. that all inhabitants of the spell district, here the office Zons, were forced, to let grind with this mill.
At the beginning 19. Century the mill was drawn in of the Frenchmen as Dominialgut and ersteigert of the family Schmitz, which operated approximately hundred years the mill in several generations. When a devastating gale down-tore long over 11 the wing meters on 7 February 1909, last Mueller " Schmitze Maethe " the trade gave up.
Over 50 years the Zonser mill a sad existence fristete; Hood and gallery expired appreciably.
Only in the course of a monument consciousness which was awake the mill was fundamentally restored 1965/66. Recommending value for all Zons visitor is an inspection of the mill over the acces in the internal south wall not only because of itself the wonderful panorama offering from above over the city and the Rhine elbow with the Zonser Rheinaue, but also the small mill information center in the inside.
On 30 October 1997 of the company Groot Wesseldijk, Laren (the Netherlands) renewed approx. 4.5 tons heavy wing cross can over a Muenzautomaten in turn be shifted when desired; a concession to the tourism. Referring to the shop-hours give the Muehlenbetreuerin
Mrs. Anneliese rattle mountain, mill road 24 Tel. 02133/49961 and the tourist association in close been situated community centre, Schlossstr. 37, Tel. 02133/257262 + 296, or Tel. 02133/3772.
(Civic Arms of Zons)
(Location of Zons)
ZONS Rhine gate / St.Petersturm
The Rhine tower rises at the north-east corner of the stadtmauer. It had 6 projectiles and 9.6 meters wide on all sides. From the tower, one could constitute a feared Tributstaette of all ship people from the parapet wall from far away the arriving ships.
The intruder, who wanted to occur the passage between outside and internal gate, was hopelessly the bombardment from the gate building delivered. Who was however pursued, volatile or pressed was, was in security, as soon as he had left the outside gate. Within the walls it gave no requirement gentlemen on unfree ones or run away Gesinde.
In the fishing rods of the outside gate elbow still the old oak wings hang. They originate from a time in that the gate each evening were not closed. Otherwise looking and slip hole would be trained in the wings.
At the south side of the Rhine tower, approximately on half height, two strongly formed pointed elbows are available,
in those in the 60's the figures of the Hl. Petrus and the archbishop Friedrich of Saarwerden to see were. At the west page of the Rhine tower, above the internal gate elbow the wachstube of the zoellner was in the Middle Ages. Both the Rhine tower / inch tower, and the gate elbow and the wachstube were restored in the years 1991 / 92.
That highly outstanding tower received 1388 by the designer Friederich from Saarwerden to the name St.Petersturm.Er had for the siege situations of the dreissigjaehrigen war the advantage that the defense could proceed from the height. A certification of it stores 28 September 1646 against Colonels Rabenhaupt and its hessian soldier. A contemporary chronicle of the Pfarrarchivs reports: " the women fled on the St. Peter tower, made there pieces of tree in the fire glowing and threw these at the customs office on the enemies whom are down. One of this Amazonen tore heavy Haustein of the gallery loosely and hurled it down ". Even 671 cannon balls were powerless. The Zons never taken carries the words of the Chronisten " more semper virgo " (always virgin remained) rightfully.
Rhine gate with the old court trees 1960
QTVR of the Rhine gate / Hotel / Parking lot (248kb)
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ZONS Rhine route / pepper cans
At the Rhine route the oldest houses of the place are situated. The houses bordering directly at the Rhine tower are originals from the period of promoterism, which developed only after the large city fire in the year 1620 in this form. Framework superstructures probably still come from the building of predecessors. Skillfully with oriel and ueberkragenden upper floors the narrow house sketch was extended.
At the house on the opposite page with the house number 5, which is provided with baroque stair treppengiebel, one can still admire decorated relief reliefstein. The stone let in with anchor and nebula horn into the brick-work served in former times as house character, predecessors of the today's house numbers. Probably the order station of the ship people was in the Middle Ages in this house.
On the east wall are still two that originally three octagonal, gotischen awake wachtuermchen, popularly " pepper cans " mentioned! These pepper cans are the only this design in the Rhine country.
At the southern pepper can illustrated here (and rausgeputzt 1998 freshly recondition), seen from the lock workstation toward Rhine gate, was one of the numerous city wells. The form of the gotischen awake wachtuermchen reminds of the zinnernen pepper cans common in the Middle Ages. The towers accessible over steep stairs were from time to time inhabited. This tuermchen still served up to the beginning of the 1900 of century as prison.
Almost all houses are attainable only over stairs. The frequent floods forced the Zonser to this remarkable building method. The restaurants, which settled along the Rhine route, offer almost the whole year over rheinische specialities, which the visitor of Zons should absolutely try.
ZONS church
The neugotische church is geweiht and in the years 1875 / 79 after plans Cologne master of building of cathedrals and architects of the Vincenz Statz in place of the former parish church from the year 1408 was built the Hl. Martinus.
The efforts of Vincenz Statz well received sections of the old church into the new building to refer saved only the schlussstein in the vierung of the deckengewoelbes with double eagle (the coat of arms of the archbishop of Saarwerden) and the bells, from those only one of six to the 2. World war outlasted. The slim, lamelated tower hood gives a far away visible and characteristic picture to the city silhouette together with the Juddeturm.
The restored stone cross on the church square comes from the former Franziskanerkloster, which had to yield the community centre in the 70's.
ZONS Juddeturm
As city-lateral eckturm the substantial Juddeturm protected the castle area against penetrating enemies. In the walk along the battlements underneath the curved baroque hood also four open jets in the elbows are to be seen beside the shooting schiessscharten. In the state of siege defenders had the possibility of leaving from such " pechnasen " glowing pitch, cooking water, stones or burning Holzscheite on the enemies down in order to strike these into the escape.
The park-similar fore-castle area is controlled by the imposanten Juddeturm. The tower, in whose basement castle-left is situated, probably owes are active its names at the place the Patrizierfamilie Cologne " from Judde ".
In the " Remisengebaeude ", which was boat hall some objects to the Rhine fishery issued, which once economical constituent of the city represented. Today the collection of textiler Wandbehaenge of Professor Helmut Hahn found its workstation there. In the cultivation, which originated in to 1994, find the largest youth quiet collection of Europe.
ZONS pig well
The pig well 1959 before the former field gate build-building that Hirte with the 5 wasserspeienden pigs reminded of the Zonser pig feud (1575-77).
Archbishop Salentin of Isenburg tried to take 1561 to Cologne cathedral sections the pawned Zons for itself again in possession. For the confirmation of its demands he let 50 pigs from the mill shrubs in the office Huelchrath, which he according to old habit maesten there was allowed drive out the Zonser office man of the cathedral section. When the archbishop resigned on 13 September 1577, in order to marry, the feud was settled. Thus the cathedral section remained gentleman in Zons.
The bronze pigs were created 1987 of Cologne sculptors Labusgas for the reorganization of the workstation before the pig well.
QTVR pig wells (291kb)
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ZONS mill / west wall
The city mill is at the same time the southwest eckturm of the city. It was re-designed around 1600 to the mill and provided later according to type of dutchman with a swivelling wing cap. One, probably for the Niederrhein, unique construction is it the oldest mill in the set Neuss and one the oldest at the Niederrhein.
On the west page is the deepest place of the ditch abgemauerten here.
By the inside of the west wall one detects still the tooth-set stones, which point, as on the masonry race (north wall), on a planned walk along the battlements with elbow construction.
How that could look today, one sees on the inside of the south wall. Here the walk along the battlements is developed. In it also the stairway is to the mill. Against a small admission fee one gets rattle mountain , Muehlenstr at family. 24, the key to the stairway.
The ascent into the roof cap recompenced with a view over Zons, the Rhine and the other Rhine page.
The wings of the mill became more frequent victim of to violent storms last, and in the autumn ' 97 by a steal-strengthened construction by a Dutch specialty firm were replaced already. On the fluegelwelle the imposante is here also a year sits in-carved: " 1694 ". Still to admire are the raederwerk, the Muehlsteine and a model mill of below see one also the wood roller bearing of the swivelling cap.
ZONS free light stage
One of the most beautiful free light stages of North Rhine-Westphalia is in the kennel east the south gate. Zonser of theatre friends created it in the year 1935. Since now over 40 years here with large success fairy tale plays are specified. By the complex configuration of these fairy tales and their type of representation with play and tanz this stage succeeded in, something independent for kindergartens, schools, creating groups and the family attendance.
The play plan contains Grimm, Chr.Andersen etc. excluding old fairy tale property of the brothers. This decision was correct, proves the constantly rising numbers of visitors.
The annual attendance of the fairy tale plays in Zons already became for many thousand small and large spectators the tradition. The players and supervisors of the stage thank all visitors for its loyalty and are pleased about each new visitor.
Apart from the fairy tale plays annually performances of considerable stages with productions of famous theatre classical authors, as well as musical presentations of country-wide more well-known music and medieval groups of internal messages take place.
QTVR of the free light stage (295kb)
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ZONS south gate / kennel
The south gate is the only from the outside acces leading into the castle. It became, as Zons restores all gates of the celebrations as double gate created and in the year 1983. It is considered as the further special feature of the city system. It is situated about 16 meters far away from the stadtmauer and was at that time connected with this by a curved approach road.
Protection lady of the system is a stony Madonna figure, which is above the gate elbow in a niche. (repository of the original in the set museum, emergence year of the statue 1360). The coat of arms of the archbishop and designer of Zons, the Friedrich of Saarwerden, and the kurkoelnische cross are left attached beside the niche on the right of and. Spitzbogenfriesen decorate both pages of the gate. It is the besterhaltenste and most beautiful gate of the fortress Zons.
QTVR of the South wall & kennel (279KB)
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ZONS ice-breaker
At the southeast corner of the fortress is the ice-breaker, a small round tower, which was created for the protection of the castle system against drift ice. Around its firmness to strengthen the tower is inside filled with crushed stone. At it in former times frequently arising drift ice should break . In the dreissigjaehrigen war this page was several times under violent bombardment and was heavily damaged.
The steinkugeln let in in the proximity in the brick-work remind of it. Still today one can see the tracks of the Treidelseile in the relatively soft Trachytgestein at the foot of the ice-breaker. When in the Middle Ages the tides of Rhine still from the western direction the ice-breaker of the washed around and the treidelpfad led past the southern page of the city, one treidelte with horses river upward the driving ships over this treidelpfad.
ZONS Krice museum
ZONS gate tower / lock yard
By still today the existing gate tower one achieves the main castle. It is created in the right angle to the south gate. Its square side length amounts to 8.4 meters.
Into the inside innerenBurghof one could arrive only over a zugbruecke. By both pages of the gotischen portal one can detect still slots for the chains of this zugbruecke. Over the passage, which is exaggerated by a flat tonnengewoelbe, are still two floors with large windows, which are set in with Haustein. The parapet wall is situated on a Spitzbogenfries. Their jets served the defense.
The lock yard has a park-similar character. From from this one can see also the inside of the south wall, which is here still very well received. The east wall limits the yard Rhine-laterally.
QTVR Lock Yard (248kb)
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ZONS public library
Opposite the set museum in the year 1714 the farmhand house was established. One regards it to the stately building, particularly the large yard gate that here in former times a rural atmosphere prevailed. After its restoration a branch of the public library was created here.
In the yard building bordering north one created a herb garden.
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Shop-hours:
Monday until Friday of 14.00 - 18,00 o'clock
On Wednesdays the library is closed
Schlossstr. 2-4
Tel.:10786
ZONS masonry race / Kroetchenturm
By the narrow passage we come into the masonry race, which owes its romantic charm not only to the small houses, but also the three dominant factors military towers. One clearly detects the tooth-bricked stones also here as preparation for the planned walk along the battlements.
At the end of the masonry race, in the northwest, one arrives at the Kroetschenturm.
Originally the military tower open to the city page has basalt-reinforced and 1.70 m a strong outside wall. It became only in 18. Century from the inside with field fire bricks to a round tower developed. Im Kroetschenturm was temporarily sorts the city, and he served as accommodation place of humans gotten sick with plague, in order to isolate these from recovering. Therefore also the name could come (" EN Kroeoetsch " is, a zimperliche person always who is ailing).
QTVR of the Kroetchenturm / Masonry race (247KB)
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ZONS on the Rhine
Between the large cities to Duesseldorf and Cologne at the northern edge of the niederrheinischen bay Zons is situated, in a typical Rhine landscape with long walking ways along the current between expanded forests and Rheinauen. By its central position and the well developed transportation network, to water and to country, Zons is easily attainable. Only 25 km distance separate the routistic center Dormagens, (a modern industrial city with 2000jaehriger history) from two world-wide admitted objects of interest, " Cologne cathedral " the seat Cologne archbishop and the " Duesseldorfer old part of town ".
Water color of Joachim " Joe " bold
ZONS heath
Who would like to deepen the many impressions after an attendance of the Zonser of celebrations, is outside in the best way removed in the nature naturparadies. Landschaftliche idyl, heath-similar fields, forest and meadow distinguish the Zonser heath as protected area.
A place of the Besinnlichkeit is likewise the old Jew cemetery created on a hill.
ZONS set file Neuss
Set file Neuss in the cultural center Dormagen Zons
At historical place in the former kurkoelnischen national castle peace stream in Zons is accommodated the file of the set Neuss. In the modern building, that on the foundations of a building of predecessors from late 14. Century as file functional structure was established,
store in alarrngeschuetzten and air-conditioned spaces documents, documents, photographies, aerial photographs, symbol tables, newspapers, maps and diagrams, which document the history of the set area Neuss and its historical predecessors. These were in the Prussia time the old sets Neuss and Grevenbroich and before the French revolution the ore diocese Cologne, the duchy Juelich, the realm rule Dyck and Myllendonk and the rule Elsen. With the set file the set fulfills Neuss did not only those-give the North-Rhine/Westphalian national file law, it offers beyond that a modern central documentation place for the entire set history, which is open to each historically interested citizen. Principal item of the Archivalien are the documents of the district administration since the mechanism of the sets in the year 1816, which is completed by gesetzessammlungen and official news sheets. As aids to the use of the church files in the set Neuss numerous identification books of Pfarrarchiven are available. Special attention earns the extensive library also over 7000 tapes, which does not only hold literature ready over the set Neuss and its municipalities, but also sections of the resolved library of lock Dyck with numerous bibliophilen preciousnesses enclosure. Under to in early 16. Century going back library stocks above all the monumental encyclopedias " Zedlei"(67 tapes) are und"D'Alembert and Diderot (58 tapes), both from that 18. Century to emphasize. For the homeland-historical research also the newspaper stocks are, in particular the " Neuss Grevenbroicher newspaper " since 1874 (on microfilm) of interest. As unusual structural attraction a bricked latrine from that is in the historical cellarcellar cellar
15. To see, furthermore there drawing of a bill informs century about the stocks and the work of the file. The set file is at the same time the office of the set homeland federation Neuss e.V.
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Shop-hours:
Monday - Thursday 8,00 - 12,30 o'clock, 13,30 - 16,00 o'clock
Friday 8,00 - 12,30 o'clock
Roads card
Address: Set file Neuss, Schlossstr. 1, 41541 Dormagen Zons
Telephone: 02133 / 46061 fax: 02133 / 10564
Zedler, Johann Heinrich
The Zedler is in various relationship one of the books, which changed the world:
It is the most extensive completed German-language encyclopedia at all (approx. 62,000 pages with approx. 750,000 articles). It introduced the innovation look up-exciting at that time to take up Biographien of living personalities. It is example-giving by its high measure of accuracy and reliability, despite the comparatively short Herstelungszeit.
ZedIer had the luck to be able to win as a main editor Johann Christoph Gottsched which had among other things already translated Bayle's Dictionnaire '. The danger existed again and again for the monumental factory that it could leiben unfinished. The first tape on operation of influential Leipziger bookseller was already seized, since these are afraid for their own published works. They meant that nobody would buy more another book and would have, if this universal factory combs. When appearance tape Zedler bankruptcy had to announce 14 and to pawn the tapes 13 & 14. - >
(This windmill is located in Dormagen-Zons on one edge of the wall of the town. The form she has today was build end of the 17th. century.)
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Wing
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Fluegelwelle
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Kammrad
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Brake
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Roller bearing
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Bunkel
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King spindle
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Bag hoist
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King spur wheel
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Spindle wheels
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Spindlespindle spindles
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Meal courses
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Stone crane
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Flour whistles
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Steert
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Today most of the Zonsius Family lives in Southern Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg in a small town called Bretten.
(Civic Arms of Bretten)
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